RESUMEN
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a ubiquitous gaseous signaling molecule that has an important role in many physiological and pathological processes in mammalian tissues, with the same importance as two others endogenous gasotransmitters such as NO (nitric oxide) and CO (carbon monoxide). Endogenous H2S is involved in a broad gamut of processes in mammalian tissues including inflammation, vascular tone, hypertension, gastric mucosal integrity, neuromodulation, and defense mechanisms against viral infections as well as SARS-CoV-2 infection. These results suggest that the modulation of H2S levels has a potential therapeutic value. Consequently, synthetic H2S-releasing agents represent not only important research tools, but also potent therapeutic agents. This review has been designed in order to summarize the currently available H2S donors; furthermore, herein we discuss their preparation, the H2S-releasing mechanisms, and their -biological applications.
Asunto(s)
Descubrimiento de Drogas , Gasotransmisores/farmacología , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno/farmacología , Animales , Bencenosulfonatos/administración & dosificación , Bencenosulfonatos/metabolismo , Bencenosulfonatos/farmacología , Bencenosulfonatos/uso terapéutico , Química Farmacéutica , Gasotransmisores/administración & dosificación , Gasotransmisores/metabolismo , Gasotransmisores/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno/administración & dosificación , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno/metabolismo , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno/uso terapéutico , Morfolinas/administración & dosificación , Morfolinas/metabolismo , Morfolinas/farmacología , Morfolinas/uso terapéutico , Naproxeno/administración & dosificación , Naproxeno/análogos & derivados , Naproxeno/metabolismo , Naproxeno/farmacología , Naproxeno/uso terapéutico , Compuestos Organotiofosforados/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Organotiofosforados/metabolismo , Compuestos Organotiofosforados/farmacología , Compuestos Organotiofosforados/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The current study was done to examine the efficacy of naproxen in the management of patients with COVID-19 infection. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was done on hospitalized adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either naproxen (two capsules per day each containing 500 mg naproxen sodium) or placebo (containing starch) for five days along with the routine treatment that was nationally recommended for COVID-19 infection. Clinical symptoms of COVID-19 infection, the time to clinical improvement, blood pressure, laboratory parameters, and death due to COVID-19 infection were considered as the outcome variables in the present study. RESULTS: Treatment with naproxen improved cough and shortness of breath in COVID-19 patients; such that, compared with placebo, naproxen intake was associated with 2.90 (95% CI: 1.10-7.66) and 2.82 (95% CI: 1.05-7.55) times more improvement in cough and shortness of breath, respectively. In addition, naproxen administration resulted in a significant increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and had a preventive effect on the reduction of systolic blood pressure in COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: Treatment with naproxen can improve cough and shortness of breath in COVID-19-infected patients. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.